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Economic Reforms: I Asked Tinubu If He Doesn’t Want Re-election In 2027 – Akpabio
Senate President Godsill Akpabio, has commended President Bola Tinubi for the bold economic reforms embarked upon by his administration.
Akpabio submitted that despite the initial challenges, the reforms are yielding positive results, and Nigeria is getting better.
Naija News reports the Senate President made the submission on Friday during the signing of the 2025 budget into law by President Tinubu.
Recalling one of the conversations he had with President Tinubu regarding the policy of fuel subsidy removal and the possibility of denying the President a second term ticket, Akpabio disclosed that Tinubu damned the consequences and told him there’s no need for gradual removal as the last administration didn’t include it in the budget.
He said Nigeria and Nigerians are now reaping the rewards of the bold decision.
“By the time you removed the fuel subsidy, which many had failed in over 40 years, I came back to you and asked Mr President, ‘don’t you want re-election in 2027’?”
“You asked ‘why’. I said, ‘how can you do this? Let’s remove it gradually’. You said ‘I met a fuel subsidy that was no longer available. The last administration made a budget and ended fuel subsidy in May’.
“So from June, when you took over, you re-echoed that subsidy is gone, you didn’t elaborate otherwise. So you started, meandered, and today Nigeria is about to float even without petroleum products coming in as income,” Akpabio said.
You Have Done Well With The Budget
Akpabio also commended Tinubu for presenting what he described as the “largest budget” in Nigeria’s history, and also working out a way to finance it.
He assured that the National Assembly carried out due diligence on the appropriation bill before it was passed.
The Senate President also pledged the loyalty of the lawmakers to working with Tinubu in delivering the dividends of democracy to Nigerians.
“Your reforms are working. When you came to the national assembly with a very ambitious budget of N49.7 trillion, little did we know that by working with your team, we would discover other sources of bringing revenue in today.
“We are about to make history by signing the largest budget in Nigeria since independence, N54.7 trillion, so I say congratulations, sir.
“We on this side of the aisle believe strongly that anything that can alleviate the sufferings of Nigerians, any policy that you propose that can alleviate the suffering of Nigerians, be rest assured that the national assembly — both chambers — will go with you. We are behind you because we know that you mean well for this country.
“You gave the budget to us in December; people may think we delayed it, but we went through it line by line, clause by clause to ensure we meet the aspiration not just of your administration but that of the entire nation,” he said.
[NaijaNews]
[OPINION] FIRS: Tax revenue as Nigeria’s new ‘crude oil’ - Dare Adekanmbi
•Why President Tinubu deserves commendation
PRIOR to Nigeria’s Independence in 1960, agriculture was the mainstay of its economy, even as reflected in the economic activities of the regions there were in the country at that time. Famous stories of the First Republic chronicled how the defunct regions were reliant on revenues from the groundnut pyramids in the North, the cocoa export receipts from the defunct West and the rubber as well as palm oil proceeds from the East.
With the discovery of crude oil in commercial quantities, beginning from Oloibiri in the present-day Bayelsa State in 1956, agriculture, over time, became supplanted by black gold in terms of contributions to national revenue pool. And not only did crude oil receipts ride the wave as far as the total collectable revenue was concerned, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), became the cornerstone entity for the three tiers of government to look up to for salvation in terms of their fiscal projections.
However, those days when the federal, states and local government councils wait zealously for revenue figures from NNPC have not only receded into the past but appear to have gone for good. At the monthly meeting of the Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC), focus has shifted to the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), the goose that is laying the golden egg for the fiscal stability and wellbeing of the Federation.
For those who may not know, the ‘cake’ shared monthly by the Federation is baked by four major entities: NNPC, FIRS, the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC), formerly known as Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) and the Nigeria Custom Service (NCS).
Of the body of ‘bakers,’ FIRS under Zacch Adedeji has emerged the cream of the crop, singlehandedly and aggregately accounting for close to 70 percent of the total revenues collected and shared by the three tiers of government at FAAC meetings in 2024.
Out of N2.068 trillion that accrued to the Federation Accounts in January 2024, tax collected by FIRS accounted for more than 50 percent with the agency’s contribution totalling N1.275 trillion. The other three revenue-remitting bodies jointly raked in the balance. While oil receipts from NNPC brought N115billion, NUPRC grossed N469.8billion, just as the Nigeria Custom Service remitted N207 billion.
The contribution of FIRS to the pool grew in February by N300billion from what it brought to the account in January. From the N2.3trillion that accumulated into the account, takings by FIRS amounted to N1.491 trillion, a collection figure that was more than 50 percent of the total revenue for the month. In fact, NNPC’s contribution to the pool was just N92billion. NUPRC and NCS contributed N487billion and N254billion, respectively.
In March, FIRS contributed N1.061trillion out of N1.867 trillion in the pool and in April, the Federation Account got N1.187 trillion from FIRS out of the N2.192trillion revenue accrual. For May, out of the N2.324trillion shared by the three tiers of government, FIRS alone contributed N1.571trillion.
The last month in the first half of 2024 finished on a strong note for the Federation in terms of the size of the ‘cake’ available for sharing among the three tiers of government. Of the N3.5 trillion accrual in the Federation Account for the month, FIRS accounted for N2.841 trillion. Contributions from NNPC for the month was N8.3 billion with NUPRC and NCS remitting N402.5 billion N264 billion, respectively.
The upward trajectory of FIRS contribution to the Federation Account continued at the beginning of the second half of the year. It accounted for N2.295 trillion out of N3.508 trillion remitted into the Federation Account for July, representing 65.4 percent of the total haul. For August, FIRS figure for FAAC was N1.87 trillion out of the N2.7 trillion in the pool. In September, October, November, and December the agency’s contributions were N1.45trillion (out of N2.4trilion), N1.74trillion (out of N2.9) and N1.56trillion (out of N2.8trillion) and N1.41trillion (out of NN2.2trillion), respectively.
The significance of FIRS contributions displacing oil receipts and turning tax revenue into the country’s new ‘crude oil’ has been well situated by the Accountant General of the Federation, Dr (Mrs) Oluwatoyin Madein. At an event in Abuja, she declared: “Tax revenue, as of today, is the highest source of revenue accruing to the Federation. Therefore, at FAAC meetings, we eagerly await the numbers coming from FIRS because the performance of the agency keeps on increasing and this brings succour to all tiers of government.”
Putting FIRS contribution to FAAC revenue pool in 2024 in context, we will see how it has helped the three tiers of government to plan, project and experience fiscal stability. There is nothing like fiscal discipline except you have accurate revenue prediction. If you say you want to spend N10, that means you must assurance that the N10 will come from somewhere. This commendable collection performance is in tandem with Adedeji’s vision of making taxation the pivot of national development.
What did FIRS do differently?
The impressive revenue collection posted by FIRS is not a product of happenstance. It is the outcome of a well-thought-out strategy and process re-engineering that formed the bedrock of a cocktail of administrative and process reforms embarked upon by the agency under Adedeji. One of his key refrains is that if FIRS is going to succeed in its critical national mandate of domestic revenue mobilisation, taxpayers must beat the centre of all policies and initiatives of the agency.
The FIRS chairman summarised the restructuring and re-orientation that powered the huge revenue collection and turned it to a customer-centric agency thus: “We restructured our operations at FIRS in such a way that we are now effectively carrying out our duty of assessing, collecting and accounting for taxes. We used to have functional types of taxes, but we have since identified that the only customers we have are the taxpayers. We have, therefore, improved the way we relate with our customers by rearranging our operations based on our customers, using their turnover as the basis to categorise them into large, medium, and emerging tax groups.
“We did this to develop expertise in what we do. Secondly, to provide them with a one-stop shop for their activities. If you are in a large tax group, you only need to go to one office to pay all forms of taxes, including conducting audit and other activities. You do not need to move from one office to another again.
“We are here to serve the taxpayers. The taxpayers are not armed robbers or criminals that we will be chasing about. FIRS is also not a law enforcement organisation. We are partners in progress. The taxpayers are the trees in our vineyard. The only thing we can do is to ensure they are well watered and well pruned so they can bear good fruits for us to have big harvest.
Because of the streamlining of tax processes, the removal of hurdles in the way of tax payment as well placing a high premium on transparency and accountability, a total number of 182, 724 new taxpayers, representing 25.3% increase, voluntarily enrolled on the agency’s tax administration platform called Tax Pro-Max in 2024. It is the single biggest leap in the number of firms in the tax net in recent history of the tax agency. This not only underscores the level of trust reposed in the new processes emplaced at the agency. It also lends credence to Adedeji’s sharp vision of making the agency one of the world’s most efficient and trusted revenue authorities.
The president, Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI), Mr Gabriel Idahosa, testified to the unusual transformation witnessed at FIRS. Idahosa commended the agency for conducting reforms that align with the needs of businesses, particularly singling out the increasing use of technology in tax administration as well as the shift in mental geography of tax officers from being mere tax collectors to “actively providing services that enhance business operations.”
One key import of the unprecedented growth in tax revenue for the Federation is that the non-oil sector account for about 75% of the total haul. This clearly signposts the commitment of the President Bola Tinubu-led administration to truly diversify the economy from its mono-product, crude oil. According to Adedeji, all accolades for the impressive tax collection by FIRS should go to President Tinubu. Of a truth, two key policies by the President, namely the removal of fuel subsidy and unification of the exchange rate gave fillip to the record tax revenue collection by FIRS. The negative consequences of not setting these economic fundamentals at the time President Tinubu did would have unbearable for an economy that was already in ICU before President Tinubu assumed office.
Despite the laudable achievements of the agency since assumption of office in September 2023, Adedeji is not resting on his oars. He believes the success recorded so far is just a beginning with his key fiscal focus being on growing Nigeria’s tax-to-GDP ratio to 18% in the next three years. This, he believes, is achievable without putting additional burden on the taxpayers but by making the pie bigger to collect more revenue for government at all levels to be able to meet their obligations to the citizenry.
For him, there is irreducible minimum if the upward tax revenue trajectory must continue. “We can play with everything, but what we cannot afford to play with, if we are going to succeed, are data and merit,” he once said.
It needs to be said that prior to Adedeji’s leadership, the agency’s contribution to FAAC had been growing. However, the coming of Adedeji has moved the quantum significantly higher through a potpourri of internal administrative and process reforms he introduced, leading to simplifying of tax payment.
For 2025, FIRS is targeting to collect N25.2 trillion in tax revenue and this means more money for the three tiers of government to meet their needs. This is another reason why there should be no opposition to the tax reform bills currently before the National Assembly. If FIRS could post these huge records in a shortly time, breaking its own records and setting higher target and goals, a tax system that is modernised and fit for purpose can only add impetus to the task of domestic revenue mobilisation given to FIRS.
For those asking the question: where does tax revenue by FIRS go? The answer is this: every month that the federal, states and local government councils gather in Abuja for FAAC meeting and money shared accordingly, about 70% of that money comes from the tax revenue FIRS collects from taxpayers.
For perceptive observers, President Tinubu deserves to be hailed for the huge jump in shareable FAAC allocations which continue the upward swing since his assumption of office. All the states now collect almost three times of what they used to get as FAAC allocation prior to the coming of the Tinubu administration. Every month, managers of the three tiers smile to the banks, thanks to the President’s courageous leadership.
- Adekanmbi is the Special Adviser on Media to the executive chairman, Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS)
God made me who I am, nobody else did—Funke Akindele
AMID her continued reign as Nollywood’s box office queen, Funke Akindele has laid bare the driving force behind her success, attributing her journey to God’s grace.
Speaking at the Media Independent Practitioners Association of Nigeria (MIPAN) 2025 event, the award-winning filmmaker made it clear that no individual can take credit for her stardom.
According to her, it was only by God’s will that she became the force she is today in Nollywood.
“I am who I am today because of God. Nobody made me a star, only God did. When I started, I had so many challenges, but I kept pushing. The idea for Jenifa came to me at a time when I needed to reinvent myself, and I trusted God’s direction. I wrote my scripts, put in the work, and kept believing that my time would come,” Akindele shared.
The actress further reflected on the obstacles she has had to overcome to maintain her relevance in the industry.
“This journey has not been easy, but I have learnt to stay focused and keep evolving. The audience changes, trends come and go, but I remain determined. I was told to keep milking the Jenifa brand, and yes, I did, but I also expanded my craft. God keeps giving me the strength to push through, and I will continue to do so.”
Beyond her personal journey, Akindele delved into the evolving landscape of audience engagement and content marketing in Nigeria, stressing the importance of adaptability in staying relevant in the competitive film industry.
Akindele also spoke about the importance of resilience and innovation in Nollywood, especially in a time when the entertainment industry is constantly evolving.
She noted that remaining at the top requires more than just talent—it takes discipline, consistency, and the ability to adapt to changing audience preferences.
According to her, filmmakers must be ready to embrace new storytelling techniques and market trends while staying true to their artistic vision.
Reflecting on her journey, the actress expressed gratitude for the support she has received over the years, acknowledging that success in the industry is not a solo effort. While she credited God for her rise, she also appreciated the fans who have stood by her and the colleagues who believed in her vision.
[Nigerian Tribune]
How Natasha Accused Me Of Sexually Assaulting Her At Aso Rock – Reno Omokri
Reno Omokri, a former aide of ex-President Goodluck Jonathan, has narrated an unpleasant experience with Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan.
In a statement on Saturday, Omokri explained how an issue between him and an acquittance of Natasha triggered the allegation.
He said he was able to prove his innocence because of the evidence presented that he was not in Nigeria at the time which his accuser claimed that the incident happened.
“I have been inundated with calls from almost all major media outlets in Nigeria to interview me about the issues involving the Senate President, Senator Godswill Akpabio, and Senator Natasha Akpoti. These media organisations wanted my take, seeing that I was once accused by Senator Natasha Akpoti of the exact grave allegations that she is now accusing the Senate President of.”
“Against my will, I have been trending on various social media platforms, and for the sake of my family, it would be best to put this matter to rest. Rather than speak with multiple media outlets, perhaps I can ease the pressure on me by putting out this statement.’
“I do not know if what Senator Natasha Akpoti accused the Senate President of is true, as I was not physically present when the alleged events took place. However, I can testify that Senator Natasha Akpoti once had an altercation with me on social media over a post where a woman made advances at me and I rejected her and stated that my wife is a beauty queen and is more than enough for me.
“Apparently the woman is or was a friend of Senator Akpoti. And after I had scorned her friend’s advances, Senator Akpoti accused me of sexually harassing her at Aso Rock Presidential Villa, during a reception held for the visiting Kenyan President, Uhuru Kenyatta, when he visited Nigeria between May 4 and May 7 2014.
“Unfortunately for Senator Akpoti, during those dates, I was sent to the United States of America as President Jonathan’s special envoy. I met and was photographed with multiple U.S. officials, including State Department officials, in Washington, D.C.
“I then published a First Class British Airways ticket and my passport (which was a different class of passport from the regular Nigerian passport and requires a special kind of stamp), proving that I was not in Nigeria on the dates Senator Akpoti alleged I sexually harassed her.
“After I published that evidence, Miss Natasha Akpoti, as she then was, deleted every trace of her allegations against me and the video she had made insulting me, my wife and my newborn daughter.”
Omokri said he was contemplating on the next step to take as a result of the damage done to his person but there was an intervention that led to out-of-court settlement.
“As I was pondering the next steps to take, a very influential and respectable man from my ethnic nationality, reached out to a prominent Christian clergyman, who mediated between him and I. The gentleman greeted me in my mother tongue, Itsekiri, and was most gentlemanly and expressed regrets over the incident, and I was prevailed on by the clergyman to reach an out-of-court settlement.
“Thereafter, I dropped the matter since my name had been cleared, and the out-of-court settlement was adequate.
“That is the extent of my encounter with Senator Natasha Akpoti. I hope the media can now leave me alone, as I am reluctant to grant any interviews or get entangled in this matter, seeing as I have the highest respect for the man who reached out to me to settle the matter.
“As for the Senate, I have the highest respect and confidence in that institution and its leadership and believe that the right thing to do would be to institute a Senate investigation by the appropriate committee to determine the veracity of the present allegations.”
The development comes amid the sexual harassment allegation against Nigeria’s number three citizen by Natasha.
[DailyTrust]
California made healthcare free for immigrants with $9 billion tax burden – Elon Musk
Elon Musk, who is overseeing the President Donald Trump administration’s Department of Government Efficiency, DOGE, has accused California of encouraging influx of illegal immigrants.
The tech billionaire, who stated this in an interview with Joe Rogan, said healthcare services is free for illegals in California with a whooping $9 billion tax burden.
According to Musk, what happens in California “is that you simply have more patients than a doctor can possibly see”.
Musk described the healthcare policy in the state as “a gigantic magnet for more illegals” to come into the United States.
He claimed that the elite in California are doing fine because they can afford private doctors, “but your average citizen in California is not doing fine”.
“So then the average citizen in California suffers as a result. Now, the elite in California are fine ’cause they have private doctors, they can just pay, pay for the best doctors.
“The tax burden for healthcare for legals was supposed to be $3 billion. I think they now estimated it’s $9 billion. But that number will scale to infinity”, Musk added.
[DailyPost]
Tax Reform Bills: NASS targets geo-political zones’ demands
- Plans three-day retreat to review public hearing submissions
- ‘Rejigged bills to aid realisation of Tinubu’s $1trn economy’
Fresh from its conduct of public hearings on the Tax Reform Bills, the National Assembly now says the planned legislation will remove all the fears entertained about them in some parts of the country, and meet the aspirations of the different geo-political zones.
The Senate is already planning a three-day retreat to consider the inputs made during the two-day public hearings held last week.
Chairman of the Senate Committee on Finance, Senator Sani Musa, told The Nation that the National Assembly would leave no stone unturned in producing tax reform bills that can stand the test of time.
“We are going to work assiduously and we are going to consider every submission, every memorandum that has been given,” he said.
“The verbatim presentation that people have done, we have it on record.
“We are going to review everything. After this, we are going to go for a three-day retreat, and during the retreat, we are going to consult with experts.
“We are consulting also with the Office of the Attorney General of the Federation so that we see how we can present a law or an Act that is workable, that would not conflict with the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
“We are taking the advice of everyone that had made the presentation. We are going to consider everything on its own merit.
“We are not particularly looking at which organisation or which entity presents, but what is going to be acceptable to all Nigerians, what is going to be acceptable to all regions of this country, because what we are trying to do is to present a law that is workable.”
He also said the bills, when they become operational, would aid the realization of President Bola Tinubu’s planned $1 trillion economy for the country.
His words: “And when you look at advanced economies, Mr. President has said that he wants to see Nigeria having a $1 trillion economy, and this is the beginning of it.
“For us to do it, we must do it in a way that is not only during the time of Mr. President.
“Mr. President is only going to stay for likely eight years, and after eight years, there will be another government.
“So, we want a law that will outlive anybody that is there, even us that we are making the law, at the end of the day, we are going to be the ones also that will have to follow what we have led.
“So I think it’s not about who presents, it’s about what Nigerians will see as a true reflection of what it should be.”
Musa’s counterpart in the House of Representatives, Abiodun Faleke, described the public hearings as a veritable platform for stakeholders to make their inputs for a balanced legislation.
Faleke said: “The public have responded to us. We will now look at every detail to propose a bill; a bill that will now be passed into law, considered by the House, if the House agrees with all our suggestions.
“When we finish and we lay a report and it is discussed on the floor or debated and passed, we will compare it with that of the Senate. Any areas of differences, we will harmonise.”
Faleke said his Committee would scrutinise all the presentations by Nigerians with a view to bringing out the best in the overall all interest of Nigerians.
Executive Director of the Peering Advocacy and Advancement Centre in Africa, Ezenwa Nwagwu, emphasised that the proposed tax reforms must be pursued through a non-partisan approach to achieve their intended objectives.
Nwagwu stated that a stable and well-structured tax system would be of greater benefit to all Nigerians, regardless of political affiliations.
Expressing support for the proposed reforms, he described them as a step towards a fairer and more efficient tax system that would enhance revenue generation without placing undue burdens on businesses and individuals.
Addressing the proposed changes to the VAT sharing formula, he acknowledged concerns raised by some stakeholders regarding the derivation principle.
While this principle is expected to benefit states with higher economic activity, he noted that it might disadvantage less industrialised regions.
However, he argued that the tax reforms would incentivise other regions to boost economic activity, create jobs and generate more VAT revenue.
He also called for post-reform monitoring mechanisms to track progress, address challenges and ensure continuous improvement.
Speaking further, Nwagwu urged the government to ensure transparency and public accountability in implementing the reforms to build trust and encourage compliance among taxpayers.
The Tax Reform Bills, comprising the Nigeria Tax Bill, Nigeria Revenue Service (Establishment) Bill, Nigeria Tax Administration Bill and Joint Revenue Board (Establishment) Bill, were initiated by President Tinubu and transmitted to the National Assembly on October 3, 2024 for its consideration.
The Nigeria Tax Bill (the Bill) consolidates the legal frameworks relating to taxation within the purview of the federal government, which were previously administered under separate tax laws, into a single piece of legislation.
It proposes to repeal the Companies Income Tax Act, Personal Income Tax Act, Capital Gains Tax Act, Petroleum Profits Tax Act, Value Added Tax Act, and six other tax laws, as well as amend 13 additional tax laws.
Some parts of the bills, especially those relating to the Value Added Tax (VAT) and the formula for sharing it by the three tiers of government, had generated much controversy at the level of the 36 state governors and regional groups.
However, the contentious issues were later resolved with the governors proposing amendments.
The Nigeria Governors’ Forum (NGF) at a January meeting in Abuja with the Chairman of the Presidential Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms Committee, Taiwo Oyedele, threw its weight behind the bills.
The forum proposed an equitable sharing formula for Value-Added Tax as follows: 50% based on equality, 30% based on derivation and 20% based on population.
The NGF agreed that “there should be no increase in the VAT rate or reduction in Corporate Income Tax (CIT) at this time to maintain economic stability.”
Besides, the governors ruled out a terminal clause for the Tertiary Education Trust Fund, National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure and National Information Technology Development Agency in the sharing of development levies in the bills, and supported the continuation of the legislative process at the National Assembly that will culminate in the eventual passage of the tax reform bills.
They acknowledged the importance of modernising the tax system to enhance fiscal stability and align with global best practices.
Why military can’t stop northerners from paying levies to bandits — Retired generals
Some retired generals have stated that the Nigerian military cannot prevent residents in some troubled areas from paying levies and ransoms to bandits, despite ongoing counterterrorism efforts.
The retired officers expressed doubts about the ability of the military to stop the residents from meeting the bandits’ demands amid fears of attacks.
Since banditry became an organised crime involving mass abductions, village raids, and extortion in northern Nigeria, residents of farming communities in the region have been forced to pay heavy levies, ransoms, and taxes to various bandit and terror groups.
The levies ranged from N20m to as high as N200m, with bandit kingpins threatening to attack and wreak havoc on farms and homes if their demands are not met.
In July 2024, residents of the Toro community in the Ukum Local Government Area of Benue State were forced to sell their farm produce to raise N20m levy imposed on them by bandits. The people had to contribute N50,000 each to avoid being attacked.
The people of Moriki town in the Zurmi Local Government Area of Zamfara State also struggled to raise N30m levy imposed on them by the notorious bandit kingpin, Bello Turji, in September last year.
Earlier in January 2025, another notorious bandit leader, Dantsito, threatened to attack communities in the Tsafe LGA of Zamfara State if they failed to pay him N200m levy within two weeks.
Last week, a member of the Sokoto State House of Assembly representing Sabon Birni Constituency, Aminu Boza, said Turji imposed a N25m levy on some villages in the state.
According to the Gobir Development Association, a group of professionals in the local government, residents of the council areas had paid over N160bn in levies and ransom to bandits.
However, the Defence Headquarters has repeatedly urged northern residents not to succumb to bandits’ threats and financial demands.
Speaking with Saturday PUNCH, a former Commandant of Army Signals and Chief of Defence Training and Planning, Gen. Ishola Williams (retd.), noted that the people’s deep-seated distrust in the military would continually push them to comply with bandits’ demands.
He said there was a need to restore the people’s confidence in the capacity of the military to protect residents.
“People don’t trust the military anymore. If the people knew that by refusing to pay the levy, the military would take action against those demanding it, no one would waste their money. So, it is an issue of trust.
“Secondly, there must be some people within the affected communities who are also benefiting from the levies and ransoms paid by the people to the bandits. That is why community policing is very important.”
Similarly, a former Commander of the 1 Division of the Nigerian Army, Brig. Gen. John Sura (retd.), said residents of remote communities in the northern region would always struggle to heed the military’s advice of not paying levies due to a lack of consistent security presence to deter bandit attacks.
“If someone stronger than you threatens to kill you unless you give him something, you will typically have no choice but to comply,” he said.
Sura maintained that the military couldn’t be everywhere, saying, “Their presence is usually concentrated at local government headquarters or stationed at major road junctions leading into towns. But these villages are often far away—sometimes five to 10 kilometers. So how do you expect the military to respond swiftly?
“It is, therefore, expected that residents will seek ways to defend themselves, primarily through local security forces like the Forest Guard in Benue State. That was the approach some communities in Bauchi adopted. They inflicted such heavy losses on the bandits that they never returned.
“However, in the absence of such security measures, people have little choice but to pay ransoms and levies to ensure their survival and peace.”
Another retired general, who requested anonymity, cited the military’s inadequate manpower as a major factor contributing to their inability to provide adequate security.
He said, “The security agencies can make announcements and say, ‘Don’t fear them (bandits),’ but you know why you fear them—because they are right there on your streets. That’s how difficult this war is.
“Do you know the size of our military population? You can’t have such a limited number and expect the military to be everywhere. For instance, in Sokoto, where people pay such levies, the military isn’t there. They only come for operations and then leave. But the bandits remain with the people constantly.
“So, if the bandits are forcing people to pay levies, who do you think they will obey? Those who come and go, or the ones who stay, armed and in control?” It is the same with the police. Do you have policemen in every local government? You may have a police station in each one, but that doesn’t mean there are officers in all the villages.
“If criminals attack these villages and harass the people, the people will fear the criminals because they see them every day.”
[Punch]
[OPINION] A plea for sustainable democracy in Nigeria - Tonnie Iredia
Across the globe, democracy has become the most popular system of government because under it, persons in power are elected by the people to represent them in government thus establishing that the people own the government and that power belongs to the people. No matter how benevolent a dictator may be, it is unreasonable for anyone to impose himself on a people as their ruler – a point clearly against military rule in Nigeria.
But over the years, many people have been misled into believing that democracy is the same as civilian rule. In reality however, the two concepts are not coterminous because many persons under a civilian government do behave like military rulers who hardly subscribe to the democratic tenets of freedom, equality, due process and the rule of law.
Today in Nigeria, not every citizen shares the enthusiasm of the political class that the worst form of democracy is better than the best form of dictatorship. Many people are indeed unhappy with our current democracy in which actors work against the due process of law. In the last couple of days, many events clearly confirm this assertion. A good example is the unending defection of elected office holders from one political party to the other. To start with, it is untidy to see a trend towards a one-party state where lawmakers elected under the platform of an opposition party decamp to the ruling party at federal and state levels. Yet, the law deprecates the act and requires that those affected should lose their seats – a rule no one obeys.
In a democracy, defectors would not be seen using legal technicalities, to get judicial backing with an argument such as that their parties had been broken into ‘irreconcilable’ factions, hence they needed to seek more viable platforms. Whereas the argument helps political jobbers to get off the hook, the trend does not strengthen democracy because there is no political party in Nigeria without rancour. A dispute among members of a party only calls for resolution, not defection as the voters never endorsed the new parties which such erstwhile representatives now desire. This is better appreciated when it is remembered that Nigerian law says it is parties that win votes.
How rational is it that a person wins an election on the platform of party X and for personal reasons moves the mandate to party Y? Indeed, how does one explain the fact whereby some federal legislators defected from the so-called factitious Labour Party at the federal level while some other opposition lawmakers defected to the same Labour Party in Abia state only because the party controls the majority in the state House of Assembly? The truth therefore is that Nigerian politicians have no strong political principles that can keep them in their original parties; they are consistently involved in mercantile political carpet crossing thereby whittling down democracy. The trend is certainly a threat to true democracy and good governance in Nigeria.
As far back as 2018, Professor Attahiru Jega, former electoral commission boss had revealed that the political class is more responsible for the inability of Nigeria’s democracy to grow. This is easy to see in what is playing out at the Lagos State House of Assembly. It is true that legislators are empowered by law to elect or remove a speaker for the House but why did the Lagos state legislators choose to timidly remove speaker Mudashiru Obasa while the House was officially on recess? Was the official procedure for reconvening the House duly followed? The clerk of the House, Olalekan Onafeko known to be a strong loyalist of Obasa was also summarily removed. Being a public servant who is subject to rules of discipline that are different from those of politicians, why was he removed along with Obasa?
As we argued two weeks ago, by electing a new speaker from the same zone as the current governor, the legislators tilted power to one direction of the state thereby ignoring the need to ensure the balance of political offices across the state. If Obasa was involved in misappropriation of funds is his removal the prescribed punishment for such a criminal offence? When will Obasa who has been so accused be prosecuted or given a chance to defend himself? It is shocking that some people expected Obasa not to fight back. He has since done so by mobilizing the instrument of coercion to reinstate himself against the wishes of his legislator colleagues. Those who are unable to comprehend Obasa’s ‘intransigence’ have only failed to realize that Obasa is able to act as he wishes because our democracy is yet to be institutionalized.
Last week, members of the All-Progressives Congress APC in Osun state invaded the local government secretariats in the state and expelled the Peoples Democratic Party councillors and chairmen from office. According to the APC, their action was informed by their own interpretation of a court ruling in their favour against their opponents. Before the invasion, Governor Ademola Adeleke abandoned dancing briefly to raise an alarm about the coming disaster. It is either he was ignored, or no one heard his alarm to prevent the unfortunate tragedy. Painfully, the invasion led to the death of some Osun citizens with casualty figures that have more than one version. But must Nigerians die so that some of their fellow citizens can assume office in a self-acclaimed democratic country where some leaders say their political ambition is not worth anyone’s blood?
While still counting the dead, the same Osun state was busy with another major political event – local government elections in the state. Rather than tarry a while and honour the dead, an Ilesha High court gave the state ‘independent’ electoral commission under the leadership of Barrister Hashim Abioye the nod some 24 hours earlier to continue with the elections. The two main challenges raised by Chairman Abioye concerning the elections were: first, that the commission’s office in Osogbo was sealed off by personnel of the Nigeria Police and second that due to the harassment and arrests of his officials by police personnel his commission was unable to conduct polls in some polling units. These challenges notwithstanding, the ruling PDP as expected ‘won’ the elections in all the 30 local government areas and 332 wards in the state.
The election could never have gone otherwise because local government elections in Nigeria are usually ‘swept’ by the ruling party. No matter the ruling party in any state, the results would have taken the same pattern because although our electoral bodies are supposed to be neutral umpires, they are usually made up of friends, families and political associates of the ruling party who often ignore rules and the due process of law. This visibly played out in Benue state the other week when Governor Hyacinth Alia and his House of Assembly members served as accusers, prosecutors and judges in a case in which the two arms of government wanted to remove the state’s Chief Judge (CJ), Justice Maurice Ikpambase.
The governor reportedly wrote a petition against the CJ to the State House of Assembly which was immediately approved by a majority of legislators without following due process. It is strange that despite several precedents in states such as Kwara, Abia, Rivers, Plateau and Ekiti states, Benue politicians did not know that without the concurrence of the National Judicial Council NJC, no one is allowed to remove a CJ or indeed, any judge from office. It would appear that the political class in Benue relied essentially on a political solution rather than established rules and guidelines. They didn’t stop there. They also suspended 13 of their colleagues who dissociated themselves from the plot to remove the state’s Chief Judge.
Interestingly, almost every year our legislators find cause to suspend one or more of their members without remembering that each of such suspensions has always been quashed by the courts. The stand of the Judiciary makes sense because considering that a legislature consists of representatives from all areas, should anyone be empowered to undermine some areas by suspending their representatives? Besides, since the majority had their way why couldn’t the minority have their say? Instead of answering the question, it appears easier to plead with our political class to desist from actions that stultify our democracy. As the famous social scientist, Professor McKenzie once warned, “if the rules limiting the struggle for power are not observed more or less faithfully, the game will disappear amid the wreckage of the whole system.”
[OPINION] Pa Adebanjo, Clark just reset retirement age - Dele Sobowale
“Old age is now a moving concept” – American Sociology Professor, 1967.
It was in my third year as an undergraduate, when taking a course on demographics, that Professor Epstein made the remark to introduce us to demographics – defined as “the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.”
The course was recommended by my academic advisor as a complimentary addition to Economics. It made no sense to me. Births and deaths were cut and dried things. You are born one day; you die one day and only God knows how long between the first and the second. Prof also informed us that we were part of a generation called “the Baby Boomers”; meaning kids born during or immediately after World War II which claimed the lives of over 50 million globally.
The world seemed depleted of people. Factories were in frantic search of workers; hospitals lacked adequate staff. Anybody who could lift a finger had a job. The young men and women who survived the war went about procreating with uncommon zeal. By 1955, ten years after the war, the children born between 1940 and 1950 had become the largest population group in the world.
Even then, the life expectancy in most countries was under 60. In Africa and Asia, it was under 50. Most of us in sub-Saharan Africa, where births were not often recorded, grew up to regard anyone 50 as old. Improvements in health services, personal care, and dietary intake gradually moved life expectancy up everywhere. More people are living longer and working longer than at the beginning of the last century. However, because of perceived diminishing productivity as people became older, it became necessary to establish retirement age; to allow the old and feeble to go and rest and to create room for young job seekers. Nigeria has followed the global pattern by setting 60 as retirement age.
At first, few workers attained 60 before dying. My father did not live long to retire from service; and I recollect three of his friends and co-workers who were carried out of office feet first. In fact, no male child in my own family lived long enough to be retired at 60. So 60 was a good peg in the early 1950s.
However, unknown to us, Nigeria had also joined the global change in demographic structures. Starting with the generation before our own, Nigeria’s Baby boomers have become the first generation of Nigerians for who 60 is just the beginning of life. Today, at 80+, I am creating a new record everyday for somebody else to break in my family. Whereas my Dad was called Baba in his 50s, nobody calls my four nephews, now 60+ Baba. Nigeria is now suddenly full of men and women 60 years and they more vigorous than my Dad at 55.
Need for Redefinition of Old Age
“You are as old as you feel.”
Many of us have heard that statement before; usually from very active old men and women. To the younger ones, it might appear like an excuse by veterans not wanting to quit the stage. To be quite candid, I felt the same way when an uncle swore to an affidavit in the Magistrate Court, Tinubu, Lagos Island, to reduce his age by three years to avoid retirement. “Go and rest Uncle”, was my advice to him. He was retired anyway on account of length of service. Then something horrible happened.
Living on the Island, but, working at Apapa Port, the man who hitherto got up at 5am to prepare for work and was ever punctual for 7am, had nothing to do anymore. Within months he was a mere shadow of his former self and died a drunkard. Since then, I have been questioning our insistence that people should retire at 60. Granted, the Federal Government has granted some exemptions in the public service. Commendable as that might be, it has not addressed the burning question of demographic shift which has resulted in a situation in which millions of Nigerians, aged 60, still vigorous are compulsorily retired from service. Only Non-Government Organisations and religious bodies extend retirement ages beyond 60. We are creating a lot of devil’s workshops.
Pa Adebanjo and Clark as Examples of Way Forward
“Aging is not lost youth but a new stage of opportunity and strength.
Extremely few Nigerian leaders – Prime Minister, Presidents (Military or Civilian), Premiers, Governors – since 1914 have had the lasting grip on our national political life as Pa Ayo Adebanjo and Edwin Clark who passed away three days apart last month. As if by mutual agreement, the two strongest advocates of true federalism, resource control by states and the call for a new constitution not only left us, but, left a big hole in our polity. As a strong believer in the notion that there are no indispensable men, and there are some obvious candidates to fill the gaps, I must nevertheless admit that it will be very difficult for any successors to have the same impacts as the two. To some extent, the fault for the leadership vacuum created by them was as much their fault as ours.
Those of us who subscribed to their vision of the fundamentals of the best governance for Nigeria got accustomed to leaving it to the grand old men to courageously speak up whenever governments went astray – as we all agree they often did. To save our own skins, we sub-contracted the opposition to atrocious governance to them. They seldom failed us. Because another article will be published highlighting their achievements, permit me to stop here and address one of their lasting legacies to fellow Nigerians.
Chief Adebanjo died at 95-plus and Chief Edwin Clark at 97 – both of them, from statements from members of their families, still working, preparing for important meetings and writing addresses to be delivered at several engagements. No demographer could have envisaged that eventuality. To be candid, I tremble each time there was a meeting with Chief Adebanjo; who was known to me as far back as 1961 in Ibadan.
At the time, my eldest brother, later called Daddy after our father died, was the Private Secretary to the late Alhaji Adegbenro, who was then-Minister for Lands and Labour in the Western Regional Government. Daddy was an Awoist from the beginning to the end in 1990. Meanwhile, our father was a die-hard Zikist till the end of his days in 1958. Of all the strongest Awoists, Chief Adebanjo was the only one known to me who never aspired to public office and who never sought appointment to office. He was contented to be the “gate keeper” of the principles on which Afenifere stood. On several occasions, he had said to me: “Dele come and join Afenifere; we need people like you to take over after we are gone.” My answer was always the same: “We can’t all be in politics.” He would get angry and attend to me all the same.
What astonished me the most, when visiting him in his chambers in the Western House, was the enormous amount of work he undertook each day; the number of cases to which he attended. I was certain he would slow down by the time he reached 70. My visit to his office to wish him happy birthday at 80 disabused my mind about the man retiring. There were more case files than when he was 70. It was then that it finally dawned on me that for some individuals retirement is only a word found in the dictionary of lazy and self-indulgent people.
The late Chief Edwin Clark became synonymous with PANDEF by the time he passed on. Fortuitously, I was there at the creation of the Forum in 2016. What is PANDEF? The description that follows is as good as any. “The new vision for the Niger Delta was launched in 2016, following engagements with leaders and representatives for the region, under the aegis of the Pan Niger Delta Development Forum (PANDEF).” But, there is more to PANDEF; which the description did not and could not explain, as well as how Chief Clark became its co-leader in principle but, its known leader in fact.
Briefly stated, PANDEF was formed when Buhari’s Federal Government decided to re-visit the Petroleum Industry Bill, PIB, which President Yar’Adua and Jonathan started but lacked the guts to finish. The Bill aimed to liberalise and privatise the entire oil sector. The original PIB (PIB 1), proposed by Yar’Adua, was extremely flawed; it gave the International Oil Companies, IOCs, all the advantages. Without going into details, I can claim some credit for getting it killed in the National Assembly, NASS. PIB 2, presented by Jonathan, was even more scandalous; it gave the President of Nigeria wide powers over the sector.
PIB 2 was also left untouched by the NASS till the end of GEJ’s tenure in 2015. When the Buhari government embarked on the PIB reform bill, it was clear to me that, unless the Niger Delta made its wishes known, the sector would wind up in Northern hands as it has now. The only Niger Delta leader known to me was Attah; and it was Attah, who, after listening to my concern, initiated a meeting with Chief Clark. It was that meeting which resulted in the formation of PANDEF. Clark and Attah were appointed co-Chairmen. But, Attah, out of respect for age, had allowed Chief Clark to act as sole Chairman.
The most important thing readers should remember is that, at the age of 88, Chief Clark was adding another monumental assignment to his bulging portfolio in 2016. I knew on that day that the bar on retirement age had just been raised.
Rivers: Anxiety as Fubara, loyalists weigh options
…after S/Court setback •We’re watching developments — INC/PANDEF •Gov: It is not over yet
It is exactly 16 months since the political crisis broke out in Rivers State between Governor Siminalayi Fubara and the FCT Minister, Nyesom Wike. For one year and four months, Rivers, prided as the hub of West African oil and gas, has been embroiled in a war of attrition over the control of its political soul.
But last Friday’s Supreme Court verdicts gave what may change the political destiny of the state for a long time. The judgement hit the state like a thunderbolt, leaving in its wake silence and despair on one side, joy and jubilation on the other.
It was shocking that from Thursday, February 27, some allies of Wike were seen on social media celebrating ahead of the court judgment, which later went their way on Friday.
Before now, there were five consolidated cases at the Supreme Court, one was dismissed a fortnight ago while four were left. The four consolidated cases include SC/CV/1174/2024, between Rivers State House of Assembly and others against the Rivers State Government and nine others, and SC/CV/1175/2024, between Rivers State House of Assembly and others against the Rivers State Governor and nine others.
Others were SC/CV/1176/2024, between Rivers State House of Assembly and others against Rivers State Independent Electoral Commission, RSIEC, and nine others; SC/CV/1177/2024, between Rivers State House of Assembly and others against the Accountant General of Rivers State and nine others, and SC/CV/1071/2024, between Rivers State House of Assembly and others against the National Assembly and 16 others. (The last one has already been dismissed).
When the judgment was finally given by the apex court on the four consolidated cases, Fubara was literally stripped of his political structure as it invalidated the October 5, 2024, local government elections, his influence on the state legislature, and validated the suspension of federal allocations.
Succinctly, the reinstated 27 lawmakers loyal to Wike are returning to the status quo with a mindset of revenge having been denied the paraphernalia of their legislative office for many months and Wike, having had his ego dangerously bruised by Fubara’s audacious opposition to his (Wike’s) domineering posture on the state.
Impeachment
The greatest fear in the Fubara camp is that with the Supreme Court matter done and dusted, many think pro-Wike group would not hesitate to implement their initial plan. That is the impeachment of Fubara.
Several reliable sources confirmed this fear. They hinted that the process is not planned to take a long time to accomplish. Accordingly, the 27-assembly lawmakers, who are now likely to carry out the dictates of their master, may call for the head of the Attorney General after “the suspension of the 3-man Victor Oko-Jumbo Assembly”.
Wike set the ball rolling when he allegedly said: “All Fubara’s commissioners and his 3-member assembly are all gone. They are not commissioners, they never existed in the first place. I am sure his so-called Attorney-General will not go and say he is the Attorney-General of Rivers State again. He knows the consequences of saying that, he knows that he is gone”.
INC/PANDEF
President of Ijaw National Congress, INC, Professor Benjamin Okaba, reacting to the apex court’s judgment on Saturday, called for calm, saying the judgment was not the end of the matter.
“We are still studying the implications of the judgment. When we discovered that the issue of defection was not mentioned by the Supreme Court, it left us confused. For now, we want everybody to be at peace and go about their normal responsibilities”, Okaba said.
He noted that, as a pressure group, INC will continue to work within the confines of the law of the land. But “if injustice is seen to have taken an upper hand, we then will decide on what next to do”.
Also, Chief Anabs Sara-Igbe, a chieftain of pan-Niger Delta Elders Forum, PANDEF, said whatever must have been the outcome of the judgment “is not strange to us.”
He alleged that before now, Wike had been boasting that “the Supreme Court was in his pocket”.
Sara-Igbe said he was waiting to see how the Supreme Court would reverse itself by saying that Martin Amaewhule and the 26 other lawmakers who defected to the All Progressives Congress, APC, are members of the Assembly.
According to him, the suspension of the state’s allocation is a call for violence “so that they will declare a state of emergency in Rivers State. To suspend the revenue of a federating unit means that they are calling for a crisis. We pray this does not truncate our democracy”.
Options For Fubara
With the major consolidated cases before the Supreme Court against him, it does appear that the only lifeline left for the governor is the case of the defection of the 27 lawmakers to the APC.
It is important to note that of all the five consolidated cases brought before the Supreme Court, defection was not one of them. This explains why the judgment was silent on the matter.
As they say in the legal system, the court cannot give you what you didn’t ask for. The Supreme Court did not rule on the defection of the 27 lawmakers because it was not brought to its table for determination.
While the defection case is still in the Federal High Court in Port Harcourt, it is not clear whether the pro-Wike House of Assembly would have the patience to allow Fubara enjoy the long process of following the case through up to the Supreme Court.
They know that the defection case is a bad one by every inch of the Constitution. So, what may follow is to quicken the process of getting the governor out of the way to naturally kill the case once and for all.
On the options open to the embattled governor, Sara-Igbe believes that as a strategist, Fubara will wait for the final determination of the defection matter. ”Fubara believes in God. And God will make his enemies fools”, he said. He said: “If Amaewhule and his co-travellers go ahead to impeach the governor, there will be resistance.”
Also speaking on the options, Okaba stated: “Fubara is a strategist. His options will depend on the interpretation of the judgment. There is no cause to panic. We have to wait and get the interpretation of the judgment”.
Also speaking, Chief Eze Chukwuemeka Eze, a chieftain of APC in Rivers State, said the only option for Fubara “is prayer”. According to him, “ enemies of the state have taken over, the only thing left for the governor is to pray for God’s intervention.
Another possible option Fubara may undertake to save his neck from the political guillotine, according to a top Ogoni politician who prefers anonymity, is to decamp to the APC.
“Yes, there are various options open to him. One of that is a political solution to the crisis. In doing that, he would be given conditions to fulfill. One of that is to decamp to the APC to guarantee President Tinubu of 2027”, the source said.
Fubara had already created what could be a formidable platform for his political future when he directed all the 23 local government chairmen to contest the October 5 council election on the platform of the Actions Peoples Party, APP.
It’s not over –Fubara
Despite the turn of events, Fubara appears unruffled. A credible source close to the state government confided in Sunday Vanguard that “the governor was full of life when we spoke on phone. I called him to encourage him to stay strong. He told me it is not over yet.”
Another source argued that every impeachment has its own process. “Before things are concluded to get the governor out of the way, the defection case must have been concluded. That is the way he could wriggle himself out of the shame of possible impeachment,” he said.
The weeks ahead would be loaded with surprises. As things stand, Rivers people and the entire nation are waiting to see where the pendulum swings.
[Vanguard]